Taiwanese Aboriginal Tribes — 臺灣原住民14族
Taiwan's original people (原住民) have lived on this island for perhaps 8,000 years and are all Austronesian-speaking people -- some anthropologists even believe all Austronesian people originated in Taiwan. Taiwanese Aboriginals have many ethnic groups, languages and traditions, and have all been assimilated into modern Han Taiwanese society to differing degrees. Taiwan's government divides these indigenous people into (a fairly arbitrary) fourteen 'officially recognized Aboriginal Tribes,' and an even more arbitrary 'High Mountain' and 'Plains' Aboriginals.
Today, recognized Aboriginals comprise about 2% of Taiwan's population -- although recent genetic studies indicate this number could be closer to 60% if it included 'Plains Aboriginals.
The fourteen recognized groups are:
Amis 阿美族, Atayal 泰雅族, Bunun 布農族, Kavalan 噶瑪蘭族, Paiwan 排灣族, Puyuma 卑南族, Rukai 魯凱族, Saisiyat 賽夏族, Sakizaya 撒奇萊雅族, Seediq 賽德克族, Tao 達悟族, Thao 邵族, Tsou 鄒族 and Truku 太魯閣族.
Some unrecognized groups that are actively lobbying for recognition are:
Babuza, Basay, Hoanya, Ketagalan, Luilang, Pazeh/Kaxabu, Papora, Qauqaut, Siraya, Taokas and Trobiawan
Nomenclature can be confusing as names are translated from ancient, sometimes extinct, languages and arbitrary groupings into Chinese (sometimes via Taiwanese) and then into English.
The following photographs of all fourteen Taiwan Aboriginal tribes were taken at the Taiwan Indigenous Peoples Culture Park in Sandimen for the ‘Tribal Wedding Customs Across Asia” special in Asian Geographic. (Issue 89, out now) Sadly they went with illustrations for a more congruous look and my photos weren’t needed and they only one paragraph was devoted to each the Amis and Rukai. There are not many sets of nice photographs of Taiwan Aboriginal tribes so I will post them here. They are generally a male female pairing for the wedding theme.
Seediq 賽德克族 Taiwan Aboriginal Tribe
The Seediq were recently popularized in the movie ‘Seediq Bale.’
Rukai 魯凱族 Aboriginal Tribe
The Rukai male carries the female to the wedding as pictured above.
Identifying Taiwanese aboriginal clothing is not easy. Different villages of the same tribe may have variations of the traditional costume. The more traditional dress above is very different than the casual one below. Matters are further confused by the arbitrary classification of the tribes (the original nine tribes were Japanese groupings and further refinements have been made over the years) for some tribes consider themselves seperate from the tribe that the government categorizes them as. To see the quite dramatic difference in costume between the Northern Tsou versus the Hla’alua (Salaua) and Kanakanavu — both considered Tsou by the government — see my photographs here: Taiwanese Aboriginal Festival Photos
Amis 阿美族 Aboriginal Tribe Taiwan
Tao 達悟族 Aboriginal Tribe
Here the woman is throwing her hair as is commonly done in the traditional Tao (or Dawu) dance.
Tsou 鄒族 Aboriginal Tribe
The above photograph was the only one not shot in Sandimen, it was taken in Mexico at my sister-in-law’s wedding. I added this photo because it is a nice picture of my wife and her twin sister. My wife sewed the clothing herself. She considers herself Bunun from her father’s side but her mother was Northern Tsou from Alishan so she also learned many of their customs in her youth.
Kavalan 噶瑪蘭族 Aboriginal Tribe
Bunun 布農族 Aboriginal Tribe
Paiwan 排灣族 Aboriginal Tribe
Saisiyat 賽夏族 Aboriginal Tribe
Sakizaya 撒奇萊雅族 Aboriginal Tribe
Rukai 魯凱族 Aboriginal Tribe
Atayal 泰雅族 Aboriginal Tribe
Thao 邵族 Aboriginal Tribe
Truku 太魯閣族 Aboriginal Tribe
Puyuma 卑南族 Aboriginal Tribe
A huge thank you to all the people at the Taiwan Indigenous Peoples Culture Park who posed for these photos and an apology they were never used in the magazine.
Great pictures. If you ever get the chance, tell the woman who posed for the Rukai pictures that I think she’s beautiful. (But maybe don’t tell my wife that I said that!)
Thank you for all these beautiful colourful photographs. I really enjoyed looking at them.
Thank you for taking the time to look!
Thank you for sharing these photos.Very intriguing.
Fabulous pictures
Thank you!
amazing picture, i love it
What about the Yami tribe on Orchid Island?
Hi Dr. Hans Wilhelm, Nomenclature can be confusing as names are translated from ancient, sometimes extinct, languages and arbitrary groupings into Chinese (sometimes via Taiwanese) and then into English. Now, the accepted English term for the Yami is the Tao 達悟族 Aboriginal Tribe. As you can see in the photos, I had the Tao girl fling her hair in the traditional manner. Sadly, it looks out of place in the mountains of Pingtung. I would love to recreate all the photos in an authentic setting with authentic models some day. Rich
They look and have some of the attire very similar to tribes from the North-East States of India like Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, etc.
Apatani tribal girls of Arunachal Pradesh: http://kenri-photos.blogspot.in/2014/02/apatani-girls.html
Wow! I have long heard about the indigenous tribes in Taiwan, but this was my first intimate look. Now I want to know more about their history/culture/etc!
Very nice, but what about the Sirayans?
Hi Igor,
Yes, I agree, what about the Sirayans?
The Sirayan people are not one of the 14 officially recognized tribes even though a large portion of Taiwanese are said to have some Sirayan ancestry which, sadly, makes it even more difficult for them to gain recognition. Stay tuned for portraits of the 14th and 15th (hopefully) tribes to gain recognition. Here are two articles with photos that I wrote about the Siryan Night Ceremony if you are interested:
Xiaolin Night Ceremony
http://www.culture.tw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2147&Itemid=156
Liuchinghsi Night Ceremony
http://www.culture.tw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2148&Itemid=156
Great to hear that you are on board. I just finished a musical here in Taiwan that tells the story of the Sirayan people. Have you heard of Zeelandia Return to Formusa?
http://www.zeelandiamusical.com
It was a wonderful show that ran until last sunday. Check it out.
I think a lot has to be done for every tribe in Taiwan especially those with little or no recognition.
Do you know Edgar Macapili? He is very much involved in the recognition movement for the Sirayans. His wife is Sirayan.
Cheers and thanks for the your work.
Hi Igor.
Yes, I have heard very good things about Zeelandia Return to Formosa, congratulations! I missed it when it was on Tainan.
Yes, I have seen Edgar perform and have many common friends. He did some amazing work in reviving the Sirayan language.
Beautiful photos, Rich. I learn so much from you! I also share your postings with my network of adoptive families of children with Austronesian background. They so appreciate all the information regarding their children’s ancestry. Blessings, Joanna
Amazing photos! A few gorgeous women were probably the inspirations behind a fictional character in a book a wonderful lady is trying to put together. (The fictional character is a woman who is of African American and Taiwanese Aboriginal descent.)
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This is fascninating… the feathers are quite similar in style to Native American dress… is there a signifigance of bravery in the dress as there is in Native American?
A beautiful visual tribute to Taiwan’s indigenous peoples
[…] ※ 封面照片取自【The Taiwan Photographer】 […]
您好,我們是在推廣台灣原住民部落的業者,這些美麗的照片,讓我有深入其境的感覺,令人訝異,我想使用這些照片做為推廣原住民部落使用,請問該如何合作,或者是否可購買使用?